Fire danger and preventive measures of color steel plate building

First, the characteristics of color steel plate building fire

(A) the fire develops quickly, spreads rapidly. Because the steel structure building space span is big, combustible material is many, once the fire occurs, the fire develops quickly, burns fiercely, is very easy to form a large area fire.

(b) The burning produces a large amount of thick black smoke and poisonous gas, causing the firefighters in the fire scene to be affected by the line of sight, it is not easy to observe the fire point, as well as unable to carry out the search and rescue of personnel, so that the evacuation of internal personnel is difficult, and it is easy to cause injuries and deaths.

(C) The building structure has low fire resistance level, and it is easy for the top, partial, wall and floor to collapse, hindering the fire-fighting attack and easy to cause casualties.

(D) The fire point is hidden, difficult to fight, and it takes a long time to clean up the residual fire.

(E) fire facilities construction is incomplete, lack of water. Color steel plate building mostly for urban and rural areas and temporary buildings, fire fighting facilities construction can not keep up, resulting in fire scene water supply difficulties.

Second, lead to color steel plate room fire main factors

(A) to the color steel plate fire danger and fire hazard insufficient knowledge. Color steel sandwich panel with color coated steel plate for the surface material, the core material is mainly polystyrene, polyurethane, rock wool three kinds. The first two is in the middle of two layers of thin steel plate sandwiched into different thickness of polystyrene (referred to as styrene plate) or polyurethane, this material once subjected to high-temperature sparks or the role of the open flame immediately burns, because of the material's own honeycomb structure determines the increase in the contact surface with the air, burning up very violently, the fighting process, water and extinguishant can only be sprayed outside the color steel plate on the steel plate, can not play a direct role in the sandwich in the combustion of material, and combustion product toxicity is particularly large, easy to burn, the fire hazard is not enough, and the fire hazards. And combustion product toxicity is particularly big, easy to cause casualties, such materials because of the relatively low cost, very favored by investors or developers. The latter is in the middle of two layers of thin steel plate sandwiched between different thicknesses of rock wool, the material is a non-combustible material, fire insulation role is relatively good, but because of its relatively high cost, general investors or developers are reluctant to use.

(B) part of the color steel plate building project without fire audit, acceptance, resulting in the existence of color steel plate building innate hidden danger. In the construction of some projects in the design did not consider the fire prevention design, or although there is fire prevention design but not in the construction process according to the construction plan, the project is completed without fire inspection and acceptance, resulting in several links can be gatekeeper are ignored.

(C) The owner changes the use function without authorization and increases the fire hazard. Part of the color steel structure plant in the declaration of fire audit and acceptance of the fire hazard is butyl e, but in fact may be c plant, or put into use at the beginning of the butyl e production, and later due to the adjustment of the production project is not declared in a timely manner. Such as Jinan City, a special automobile modification plant, unauthorized color steel plate warehouse into a plant, and in the plant for welding, painting construction operations, but did not do any special fire separation measures, resulting in April 2006, due to welding inadvertently triggered a fire, resulting in the collapse of the plant, the property loss is huge.

(D) electrical installation, improper use is also caused by color steel plate room fire important reason. Color steel plate building fire cause more and illegal use of electrical appliances, circuit aging has a direct relationship, some will be directly installed in the wire color steel plate sandwich layer, some is the wire through the wall directly in the color steel plate drilling through, drilling without sheath easily cause wire insulation layer damage and short-circuit fire caused by the fire. Put into use after the management is not good, in close to the color steel plate parts of the use of open flames or welding and cutting operations caused by the color steel plate internal combustible core material combustion led to fire.

Third, the prevention of color steel plate room fire measures

(A) strengthen law enforcement supervision, strict building audit. Avoid and reduce the color steel plate building fire, the key is to put a good source off. In the construction project fire audit and acceptance process, the new building, temporary building should be in strict accordance with the specification requirements, strictly prohibit the use of non-flame-retardant color steel plate in the project. In the fire supervision and inspection, for has used does not meet the requirements of the color steel plate, should be replaced or do fire treatment. Electrical lines, pipelines through, holes and other fire blocking and casing should be carefully checked.

(B) reasonable configuration of electrical lines. First, a reasonable layout of the distribution panel. Switchboards should be installed in the non-combustible materials and can not be arbitrarily replaced by a thick fuse or simply use copper, iron wire instead. The second is to choose the right wire. To firmly use a good insulation layer of wire, and wear a metal pipe or porcelain tube protection, is strictly prohibited to connect the electrical line. Third, the correct use of electrical appliances. For television sets, refrigerators and freezers, air conditioners and other household appliances after the use of not only its own switch off, but also should be unplugged, is strictly prohibited the use of high-power electrical appliances.

(C) Adopt active monitoring and detection alarm system. Color steel plate core material in the fire, the first decomposition release combustible gas, gas in different sealing degree board gap penetration degree is also different. To accurately detect the fire alarm system should be strictly managed, further improve and strengthen the fire detection system. Additional heat, light, sound and smoke, combustible, special odor sensitizer and fire center machine connection. Where technical conditions permit, additional monitoring systems should be installed in key areas.

(iv) Equipped with effective fire extinguishing equipment and facilities. From a large number of tests and cases can be seen, for color steel plate fire fighting, whether it is spraying system or fire extinguisher, direct fire extinguishing is very difficult to achieve the control of the fire. Sprinkler system will also increase the self-weight load of light steel building, in the disaster will even become the structure quickly collapse and other unfavorable factors. However, if a color steel fire is not extinguished at the initial stage, it will cause serious consequences. The most effective way to extinguish the fire at the initial stage is to cut the metal surface of the plate, cut off the fire spreading way, or make all the burning exposed in the visible space, and then use the fire extinguisher, fire hydrant and so on to put out the fire. In a large number of color steel plate materials in the building, properly equipped with electric cutter, toothless saw, board axe, crowbar and other tools for the initial fire fighting is very necessary and effective.